One of the major treatises on mathematics by Bhāskara II provides the solution for indeterminate equations of 1st and 2nd order.Ĭontains the earliest invention of 4th order polynomial equation. Līlāvatī, Siddhānta Shiromani and Bijaganita The word "algebra" itself is derived from the al-Jabr in the title of the book. The book is considered to be the foundation of modern algebra and Islamic mathematics. The first book on the systematic algebraic solutions of linear and quadratic equations by the Persian scholar Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī. Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (820 CE).Al-Kitāb al-mukhtaṣar fī hīsāb al-ğabr wa'l-muqābala Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta Ĭontained rules for manipulating both negative and positive numbers, rules for dealing the number zero, a method for computing square roots, and general methods of solving linear and some quadratic equations, solution to Pell's equation. ![]() This book by Tang dynasty mathematician Wang Xiaotong contains the world's earliest third order equation. It also gave the modern standard algorithm for solving first-order diophantine equations. The text contains 33 verses covering mensuration (kṣetra vyāvahāra), arithmetic and geometric progressions, gnomon / shadows (shanku-chhAyA), simple, quadratic, simultaneous, and indeterminate equations. This algebra came along with the Hindu Number system to Arabia and then migrated to Europe. System of linear equations, it also contains method for finding square root and cubic root.Ĭontains the application of right angle triangles for survey of depth or height of distant objects.Ĭontains the earliest description of Chinese remainder theorem.Īryabhata introduced the method known as "Modus Indorum" or the method of the Indians that has become our algebra today. The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art from the 10th–2nd century BCE.Ĭontains the earliest description of Gaussian elimination for solving.The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art ![]() Though this was primarily a geometrical text, it also contained some important algebraic developments, including the earliest list of Pythagorean triples discovered algebraically, geometric solutions of linear equations, the earliest use of quadratic equations of the forms ax 2 = c and ax 2 + bx = c, and integral solutions of simultaneous Diophantine equations with up to four unknowns. It laid the foundations of Indian mathematics and was influential in South Asia and its surrounding regions, and perhaps even Greece. Algebra Theory of equations Baudhayana Sulba Sutra īelieved to have been written around the 8th century BCE, this is one of the oldest mathematical texts.
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